Effects and analysis
Filters, Bass and Treble, and Graphic EQ
Remove unwanted frequency ranges or shape tone with shelves and a 31-band equalizer.
High-pass, low-pass, and notch
Process → High-Pass Filter… reduces frequencies below a cutoff, such as rumble and handling noise. Low-Pass Filter… reduces frequencies above it. Choose a cutoff in Hz and a roll-off of 6, 12, 24, 36, or 48 dB per octave. Each filter remembers its own last applied settings.
Notch Filter… removes a narrow band around a centre frequency. Buttons set 50 or 60 Hz for mains hum, and Q controls the width: higher Q is narrower. Use Analyze → Plot Spectrum… to confirm the frequency first; harmonics at multiples of the fundamental need their own pass.
Bass and Treble
Process → Bass and Treble… has low-shelf and high-shelf controls and an output gain, each from −30 to +30 dB with linked sliders and numeric fields, plus a response curve. Link output to tone controls offsets half of each tone change in the output gain as an approximate level compensation. Boosts raise peaks, so leave headroom or Normalize afterwards.
Graphic EQ
Process → Graphic EQ… provides 31 one-third-octave bands from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, each from −20 to +20 dB, plus output gain. Start from the Bass boost, Treble boost, Vocal presence, or Telephone preset and adjust individual bands. Low, Mid, and High buttons scroll to each group of bands.
Sliders move in 1 dB steps with the arrow keys and 0.1 dB with Shift+arrow; numeric fields accept exact values. Invert bands flips the curve while keeping the output gain, and Flatten resets everything to zero. Preview plays the first selected continuous passage.
Preserve timing and compare tone
These effects preserve duration and channel separation and support cancellation, undo, and Repeat Last Effect. Frequencies above half of a source’s sample rate cannot exist in it, so the Graphic EQ notes when low-rate audio cannot carry its upper bands. Apply to a short passage first, compare, then reuse the settings on the rest.